Multipolar boson stars: Macroscopic Bose-Einstein condensates akin to hydrogen orbitals

نویسندگان

چکیده

Boson stars are often described as macroscopic Bose-Einstein condensates. By accommodating large numbers of bosons in the same quantum state, they materialize macroscopically intangible probability density cloud a single particle world. We take this interpretation boson one step further. show, by explicitly constructing fully non-linear solutions, that static (in terms their spacetime metric, $g_{\mu\nu}$) stars, composed complex scalar field, $\Phi$, can have non-trivial multipolar structure, yielding morphologies for energy those elementary hydrogen atomic orbitals density. This provides close analogy between solutions Einstein--Klein-Gordon theory, denoted $\Phi_{(N,\ell,m)}$, which could be realized macrocosmos, and linear Schr\"odinger equation Coulomb potential, $\Psi_{(N,\ell,m)}$, describe microcosmos. In both cases, classified triplet $(N,\ell,m)$. gravitational interpreted individual bosonic lumps equilibrium; remarkably, (generic) with $m\neq 0$ gravitating solitons $[g_{\mu\nu},\Phi_{(N,\ell,m)}]$ without any continuous symmetries. Multipolar analogue to hybrid also constructed.

برای دانلود باید عضویت طلایی داشته باشید

برای دانلود متن کامل این مقاله و بیش از 32 میلیون مقاله دیگر ابتدا ثبت نام کنید

اگر عضو سایت هستید لطفا وارد حساب کاربری خود شوید

منابع مشابه

Macroscopic Quantum Coherence in Bose–Einstein Condensates

The density of a Bose Einstein condensate (BEC) can undergo a symmetry breaking, either in real space or in momentum space. This occurs in a double well potential, obtained in real space for a BEC of lithium atoms by adding a standing wave light field to the trap potential, or in momentum space for rubidium atoms by Raman coupling two BECs in different magnetic states with two tilted light fiel...

متن کامل

Boolean Bose-einstein Condensates Bose-einstein Condensates

Burris, Stanley. ‘‘George Boole.’’ In The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy, edited by Edward N. Zalta. 2010. Available from http://plato.stanford.edu/archives/sum2010/entries/boole/ Krantz, Steven G. Discrete Mathematics Demystified. New York: McGraw-Hill, 2009. Nahin, Paul J. The Logician and the Engineer: How George Boole and Claude Shannon Created the Information Age. Princeton, NJ: Princ...

متن کامل

Visualizing Bose-Einstein condensates

" atom lasers " formed from traveling BECs. They also behave similarly to superfluids, much like liquid helium or superconductors. By studying BECs, we've gained important insights into much more complicated, but closely related, systems. BECs created from dilute alkali vapors were first produced in the laboratory in 1995 1–4 using laser cooling and trapping techniques developed over the past 2...

متن کامل

Driven-dissipative Bose-einstein Condensates

Driven-dissipative Bose-Einstein condensates Ultracold quantum gases are usually well isolated from the environment. This allows for the study of ground state properties and unitary dynamics of many-body quantum systems under almost ideal conditions. Introducing a controlled coupling to the environment “opens” the quantum system and non-unitary dynamics can be investigated. Such an approach pro...

متن کامل

ذخیره در منابع من


  با ذخیره ی این منبع در منابع من، دسترسی به آن را برای استفاده های بعدی آسان تر کنید

ژورنال

عنوان ژورنال: Physics Letters B

سال: 2021

ISSN: ['0370-2693', '1873-2445']

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physletb.2020.136027